Water Vapor

Water Vapor Lidar (Raman) at Rome, Italy

Site (station location)
Rome, Italy
Instrument Type
Lidar
Parameter
Water Vapor
Model
Raman
Instrument Status
Inactive
Periods of Activity
2002
–2010
Cooperating Institutions
ISMAR-CNR
Data Link
Ames
Metadata File
https://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/pub/NDACC/PUBLIC/meta/lidar/Rome_h2o_ldr_lbr_2023.pdf
M&A Directory Entry

G.L. Liberti (ISMAR-CNR) — Tropospheric water vapor Raman lidar system operational since May 2002. Elastic channel observation at 355 nm and 532 nm also available. Also retrieves temperature between 15 and 80 km.

Water Vapor Lidar (Nd:Yag, Rayleigh) at Observatoire de Haute Provence, France

Site (station location)
Observatoire de Haute Provence, France
Instrument Type
Lidar
Parameter
Water Vapor
Model
Nd:Yag, Rayleigh
Instrument Status
Inactive
Periods of Activity
1999
–present
Cooperating Institutions
LATMOS-IPSL
M&A Directory Entry

Ph. Keckhut and A. Hauchecorne (LATMOS-IPSL) — Same system as used for temperature measurements.  Water Vapor measurements started in 1999. System shut down in 2017 for system redesign planned for 2018.

Water Vapor Lidar (Raman) at Payerne, Switzerland

Site (station location)
Payerne, Switzerland
Instrument Type
Lidar
Parameter
Water Vapor
Model
Raman
Instrument Status
Active
Periods of Activity
2008
–present
Cooperating Institutions
MeteoSwiss
Data Link
HDF
Metadata File
https://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/pub/NDACC/PUBLIC/meta/lidar/Payerne_h2o_ldr_gm_2024.pdf
M&A Directory Entry

G. Martucci and A. Haefele (MeteoSwiss) — Operational since August 2008 as part of the RALMO (RAman Lidar for Meteorological Observations) project.

Water Vapor Microwave Radiometer (MIAWARA) at Bern, Switzerland

Site (station location)
Bern, Switzerland
Instrument Type
Microwave Radiometer
Parameter
Water Vapor
Model
MIAWARA
Instrument Status
Active
Periods of Activity
1994
–present
Cooperating Institutions
U. Bern
Data Link
Ames
HDF
Metadata File
https://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/pub/NDACC/PUBLIC/meta/mwave/Bern_h2o_MIAWARA_mwv_am_2025.pdf
M&A Directory Entry

A. Murk (U. Bern) — Volume mixing ratio profiles (20 to 70 km) initiated at Bern in Winter 2001/2001 and moved to Zimmerwald (46.88˚N, 7.47˚E) in September 2006.  Validated against balloon sondes for 20 to 25 km, and against HALOE and POAM above 25 km.  Early data archived under previous PI Kämpfer.

Comments
ubern001

Water Vapor Sonde (Cryogenic Frost Point) at Lindenberg, Germany

Site (station location)
Lindenberg, Germany
Instrument Type
Sonde
Parameter
Water Vapor
Model
Cryogenic Frost Point
Instrument Status
Active
Periods of Activity
1999
–present
Cooperating Institutions
DWD
Data Link
Ames
Metadata File
https://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/pub/NDACC/PUBLIC/meta/wvsonde/Lindenberg_cfh_rd_2025.pdf
M&A Directory Entry

R. Dirksen (DWD) – Cryogenic frostpoint hygrometer (CFH) sondes flown with a frequency ranging from every other month to twice per month.

Water Vapor Microwave Radiometer () at Onsala, Sweden

Site (station location)
Onsala, Sweden
Instrument Type
Microwave Radiometer
Parameter
Water Vapor
Instrument Status
Active
Periods of Activity
2002
–present
Cooperating Institutions
OSO
Data Link
Ames
Metadata File
https://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/pub/NDACC/PUBLIC/meta/mwave/Onsala_h2o_mwv_pf_2024.pdf
M&A Directory Entry

P. Forkman and D. Murtagh (OSO) – Profiles at 40-80 km from 22-GHz microwave radiometer operating at Onsala Space Observatory since 2002. Also retrieves mesospheric CO and O3.

Water Vapor Sonde (Cryogenic Frost Point) at Sodankylä, Finland

Site (station location)
Sodankylä, Finland
Instrument Type
Sonde
Parameter
Water Vapor
Model
Cryogenic Frost Point
Instrument Status
Active
Periods of Activity
2018
–present
Cooperating Institutions
FMI
Data Link
Ames
Metadata File
https://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/pub/NDACC/PUBLIC/meta/wvsonde/Sodankyla_cfh_2024.pdf
M&A Directory Entry

R. Kivi (FMI) – Cryogenic frost point sondes flown with a frequency ranging from every other month to twice per month.

Water Vapor Sonde (Cryogenic Frost Point) at Ny Ålesund, Norway

Site (station location)
Ny Ålesund, Norway
Instrument Type
Sonde
Parameter
Water Vapor
Model
Cryogenic Frost Point
Instrument Status
Inactive
Periods of Activity
2002
–2020
Cooperating Institutions
AWI
Data Link
Ames
Metadata File
https://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/pub/NDACC/PUBLIC/meta/wvsonde/NyAlesund_cfh_2018.pdf
M&A Directory Entry

M. Maturilli (AWI) – Cryogenic frost point sondes flown with a frequency ranging from every other month to twice per month.  Measurements ceased due to issues with availability of the coolant.

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